Special investigation techniques for the crime of extortion

Abstract

The study shows a 21% increase in extortion cases in one district of Lima between 2023 and 2024, which underlines the urgency of evaluating the contribution of Special Investigation Techniques (SIT) in its prevention and prosecution. Through semi-structured interviews with specialized police officers, it was found that the interception of communications allows real-time access to suspicious conversations, although its effectiveness depends on modern technological infrastructures and agile judicial protocols. Undercover agents and informants provide valuable inside information, but face security challenges and lack robust interagency cooperation mechanisms. Surveillance and tracking operations, when reconstructing the operational chain of criminal networks, require constant investment in state-of-the-art equipment and specific training. Therefore, the research concludes that, under strict judicial supervision and with full respect for human rights, Special Investigative Techniques can significantly boost the fight against extortion. In order to optimize their results, it is essential to prioritize advanced training of personnel, strengthen the technological infrastructure and consolidate a regulatory framework that guarantees the continuity and operational sustainability of these tools. Finally, it is suggested to deepen the development of cyberintelligence capabilities and strengthen interagency collaboration channels, so that the state response to this crime is more accurately adjusted to the changing dynamics of criminal networks in vulnerable urban environments.